how to retrieve informations (in legal ways) from third parties websites [on hold]

I'm going to realize a web site that, in a legal way, try to retrieve informations from a list of websites after a specific query. I tried to read many pages on the web and i always found that the solution is to implement a web scraper or using the API of the website (if are provided). I wanna ask if there are other solutions to perform this operations in the web. Then i even saw that many web scraper are realized in python. But exists other languages which i can implement it with? Thank you