Books About Development Fundamentals (Mainly Web)

I'm a 24yo Web Developer trying to improve my knowledge in this field. I've been working on web since I was 12 and feel like I lack some fundamentals. Many times I'm being rejected in interviews not because lack of talent, programming knowledge or a small portfolio (In fact, my portfolio is pretty big for a 24 yo dev), but because I can't answer many fundamental questions such as difference between/terminology about CRUD, REST, SOAP, OOP-related questions and such..

Going to university right now is impossible for many reasons so I was trying to get my hands on some books about dev fundamentals (mainly oriented to web dev). What are the best ones, and why? Which resources (Shouldn't necessary be books) should I look deeply into? And in the end.. What suggestions could you give to become a better developer?