How to create modern 2D/3D network visualizations?

I would like to create a 2D/3D network representation of my data embedded in a web application. My data is a pandas DataFrame that looks as below, which is the standard Gephi input format:

My wish is that if the user clicks in one of these nodes, the whole graph for that particular node is re-generated, i.e., my Python scripts run in the background, and the output graph from the data is re-rendered in the UI.

As much as I like Gephi (see reply to this old question) for network analysis, I feel it is not quite yet there for doing modern-looking network visualizations, plus I would like my network representation to be rendered automatically with code. My preferred solution would be in Python, but as long as it can be integrated into a modern web app (Flask, Django, Tableau Dashboard, etc.) I am excellent with it. So, which is the best way to visualize a network in 2021?