Localhost, wordpress site links to files with wrong paths compared to real site (Ubuntu 14.04)

I tried to make localhost of a WordPress site but it doesn't work. It displays only navbar without any styles and any different content.

It is the site that is published and is working correctly. The files are copied from repo on GitHub so I guess the problem is not connected with these files. I have this repo in directory /var/www/html.

After many hours I found out that my directories to css, js and other file are different than the directories on a proper site. For example:

• On my localhost page it looks like this: href="/assets/img/favicon.ico?ver=3"
• On site: href="/wp-content/themes/page/assets/img/favicon.ico?bfcb62"

Many other files are missing this part of path: /wp-content/themes/page/ . How can I change it?

I will also add that

php echo get_template_directory_uri();

doesn't show anything.

I have database, file in /etc/apache2/sites-available and wp-config.php from a different person. On his computer, it works so I guess there is not a problem but I don't know.

Also in this project node, gulp, bower are used.